Maintaining biosecurity is crucial in preventing diseases on livestock and backyard farms. One of the simplest yet most effective biosecurity practices is proper boot washing. Boots can carry harmful pathogens from one area to another, so a clear cleaning and disinfection protocol can help protect animal health.

Why Boot Washing Matters

Boots are a primary vehicle for spreading diseases caused by pathogens like bacteria and viruses. By properly cleaning and disinfecting boots, you minimize the risk of transferring pathogens between areas on your farm, such as pastures, barns, and pens.

Steps for Effective Boot Washing

1. Designate a Boot Washing Station: Set up a designated cleaning and disinfection area at key entry/exit points, equipped with a wash station, disinfectant solution, and a boot rack for storing cleaned boots.
2. Clean Before Disinfecting and Use an Appropriate Disinfectant: Without cleaning off debris, disinfection won’t work. Saturate boots by submersion or spray with an appropriate disinfectant, such as 10 percent dilution of bleach (sodium hypochlorite) (1.5 cups of bleach per gallon of total solution), 1% Virkon®S (DuPont), or other approved disinfectant per label instructions. Allow 10 minutes contact (or the time listed on the label), then rinse or let dry before allowing animal contact.
3. Boot Washing Process:
   • Scrape off mud and debris from boots, this step may require a scrub brush, soap and water to get boots clean.
   • Rinse boots with clean water.
   • Dip boots in disinfectant and scrub as needed.
   • Allow 10 minutes of contact time with disinfectant, then rinse with water.
4. Maintain Disinfectant Solution: Change the disinfectant regularly to ensure it remains effective, especially after heavy use.
5. Store Boots Properly: After cleaning, store boots in a designated area to keep them clean and dry.

For more information on effectively cleaning and disinfecting footwear on the farm, view the Center for Food Security & Public Health’s handout

Additional Biosecurity Tips

• Clean and disinfect equipment and vehicles that move between areas with livestock.
• Limit visitors to reduce risk and ensure they follow biosecurity protocols.
• Monitor animal health regularly to catch diseases early.

For more essential biosecurity practice information, visit Oregon Department of Agriculture’s (ODA) biosecurity website.

A simple boot washing protocol is an effective way to reduce disease risks in any livestock operation. By keeping boots clean, you protect the health of your animals and maintain a safe, biosecure environment for your farm and home.